Introduction to the Atari TOS Developer's Kit [Feb 28, 1992]. Atari ST Manuals. Atari TT030 Computer Field Service Manual C302483 001 [Aug 1991].
I have just been playing about with the MEGA4 that I picked up from a business client, and added a Megafile to it. I thought it was running a bit slow. Then I was a bit surprised that the file selector was a bit crappy, and did not have drive letters on it? Hard drive seemed a bit sluggish!
Etc etc I cant believe it. The machine has got TOS 1.02 on it circa 1987 Is this TOS safe to use at all, or do I risk knackering up hard drive and data? Did not realise it was so old. This must have been an expensive machine back in the day.
What is the max TOS I can put into a MEGA4? DarkLord wrote:Yes, at the very least switch to TOS v1.04. Its not hard on a Mega ST - when you open it up, you can see whether or not you've got the 2 or 6 chip TOS version. I wouldn't trust any mass storage data to anything less than TOS v1.04.
I have 2 chips in here. I have to say that TOS 1.02 is a bit crappy to say the least!! Never used it before as I had an STe. The file selector is annoying, and there is quite a few functions missing. I have to say, that mow I have the TT, I miss the functions in 2.06 and 3.06 I used to softload 2.06 onto my trusty STe back 'in the day'.
But looks like the MEGA spits this out due to its memory differences. Perhaps I will have to softload TOS 1.04. But wait, wasnt KAOSTOS for the old 'up to 1.04' machines. Is there an English version of this. Yes there is and I bet this is ideal for the MEGA4!! DarkLord wrote:Its dead easy if you have the 2 chip version, just replace the old TOS ROMs with the new TOS v1.04 ROMs.
I think you can get them from a couple of different people here. This is the information I was looking for. On a side point, I had been using SELTOS,PRG to load in the TOS2.06 onto my 4MB STe for years. I have been having problems with SELTOS as it seems to only load 1.00 1.04, and 2.06. But I want to load others like KAOS, and I am wondering if there is any alternatives? I think that KAOS might be ideal for the old MEGA4? OK, so there is a new(er) version of SELTOS that supports an additional 2.06X and also Swedish TOS ( See here ) So, now I have TOS2.06X installed on my MEGA4 for free!
The SuperTOS 2.06X does not feel as fast on my MEGA as it did on my STe (not confirmed yet, but windows are more 'sluggish') - Adding NVDI sorts this out right away, and give the windows 'live dragging' a perfect update, and just like any modern OS (I dont like the grayed out windows on drag). Great additions to TOS 1.04 is the ability to press 'CONTROL, ALT and DELETE' to reset, without having to reach round the back of the machine. Also TOS 1.04 essentials are (but not limited to):-new fileselector (with drive letters) - faster operation in Gem - reading DOS disks 3. The TOS 2.06 adds the following things that I expect and love:-CONTROL + LETTER changes directory window quickly to the corresponding drive - ALT + LETTER opens a drive quickly - CONTROL + DROP moves the files. Which I find essential - The HELP key now works!
And gives useful shortcuts. Did I mention extra shorcuts in this TOS - The menus at least now have a useable and useful set of options for file manipulation, and massive time saving. I still do not know what the full range of 'extra's' in TOS2.06X is (I never did). But suffice to say, that it seems to work, and I like the extras that I can notice. I wonder if it contains the serial port patches and other bug fixes. Unfortunately I could not get KAOS to run, as the SELTOS does not like it.
No sure if there is a way to get this to run. Not sure if WDIALOG or FOLDERXXX is now needed with the new TOS's. Can anyone advise? Most of the problems with 1.02 can be solved with fatspeed or pinhead (the latter of which is basically is the same code that ends up in TOS 1.04, except the later versions of Pinhead are slightly faster), and, as stated, a good hard disk driver and optionally a replacement desktop like Teradesk. I use 1.02 on two machines with hard drives and haven't had any problems with lost data. I think Maccel adds the reset from keyboard ability as well (certainly I can do it from TOS 1.02, with that installed). UIS III, Little Green File Selector or Selectric should solve the file selector issue.
The main issue I find is renaming folders, which you just can't do on TOS 1.02 and is frankly a real pain for a hard disk system. Zogging Hell wrote:Most of the problems with 1.02 can be solved with fatspeed or pinhead.
Thanks for that Zogging! I always had an STe, so I never experienced 1.02 before. It might not seem a lot, but I am used to using MOVE files, and also not having to type drive letters into the file-selector. I think that you miss them, when they are no-longer there!! But also the keyboard shortcuts are useful. I did have UIS and used to use this in the STe, but the STe file selector was pretty good, and I guessed that it just added new wildcard options and ability to create folders, format, delete etc. But now I can see that for many machines, 1.02 and below, that this would have been essential.
I have not tried this Fatspeed yet, as I am worried that if I softload into 1,04 or higher, that it might damage my MEGA. I should probably put Xboot on or something like that right? I have only heard of pinhead recently, and I have not been able to find any documentation or information of what this is or does yet?! I do have the latest Hddriver, and I have just removed Ataris own hard disk driver V3 off the MegaFile drive.
Thanks, these are good tips. And if like you, I had been 'living with 1.02' for many years, I would have known this. Tos 1.62 on the STe was great, but my STe is in a million bits right now, and I like the MEGA case.
Hardware wise, the STe does not really add that much, but the OS is much better (I think just a slight hardware tweak on 1.04 for the STe's DMA and colours was all that was added to 1.62), so I can live without STe for now. Besides the TT has the STe's sound capability, so I am going to use this for sampling applications. But the MEGA is ideal for MIDI, and with a mono monitor (which I also never had as a kid), its a sweet machine.
Funny how nothing really uses the blitter on the MEGA (perhaps its crap?), but it is rock solid, and when I softloaded into 1.04 (and also 2.06) I found that it was very nippy indeed. So I am guessing that the combination of Pinhead and Fatspeed, plus Hddriver 8.4 will do the same job, and now this is an option also. Tell me when you work out how to rename directory folders!! I think if you use pinhead (a version past 2.0), there shouldn't be any problems for a TOS 1.04 setup (I must admit having tos softloaded might be slightly different, but I've used pinhead with TOS 2.06 with no harm). Pinhead itself is probably the same sort of thing as Fatspeed, although I've got the latter now I still haven't used it so can't say for sure.
Pinhead's code IIRC was used in TOS 1.04 to speed up disk accesses, and Pinhead IIRC in its later guises is faster at speeding things up than the one in TOS 1.04, which is based on an older version of Pinhead. I've always used it as it is very compatible, and until recently I'd never heard of Fatspeed, Pinhead always seemed to be the one given away on ST Magazines.
I have a old Mega ST2 with no blitter, so think yourself lucky! The blitter does speed GEM up a bit (which might be why you think it feels nippy!), though if you use NVDI or another screen accelerator you would be better off. As for renaming directory folders, haven't cracked that one yet.
I have just softloaded TOS 2.06 or Magic when I need to do it, though it is a pain. Using a boot selector like XBoot can help (I like keeping my auto folder configs in different folders (such as one for Geneva or one for TOS) and then renaming them, but this isn't really an option on TOS 1.02. As for the other bits you're missing, I'm sure there are PD utilities out there that would fill in the gaps (including folder renaming I'm sure), it's just a case of tracking them down. Zogging Hell wrote:I think if you use pinhead (a version past 2.0), there shouldn't be any problems for a TOS 1.04 setup (I must admit having tos softloaded might be slightly different, but I've used pinhead with TOS 2.06 with no harm). Pinhead itself is probably the same sort of thing as Fatspeed, although I've got the latter now I still haven't used it so can't say for sure.
Pinhead's code IIRC was used in TOS 1.04 to speed up disk accesses, and Pinhead IIRC in its later guises is faster at speeding things up than the one in TOS 1.04, which is based on an older version of Pinhead. I've always used it as it is very compatible, and until recently I'd never heard of Fatspeed, Pinhead always seemed to be the one given away on ST Magazines. Then for now, at least until someone tells me better, I am going to use just Pinhead (the latest version). As a least there are no warnings about using it with higher TOS than 1.04. Its also a bonus that the latest version 'enhances' 1.04 also. I still have no idea what Pinhead is (is it to do with the 'twister' disk format?
I really wish that there was a really comprehensive discussion to the changes in TOS. Its certainly interesting news that Pinhead (the older one) was added into TOS1.04 and this is not the 1st time that Atari have used code from external developers to improve TOS. I bet its for the floppy disk mainly (guess).
I have a old Mega ST2 with no blitter, so think yourself lucky! The blitter does speed GEM up a bit (which might be why you think it feels nippy!), though if you use NVDI or another screen accelerator you would be better off. Sir, I am honored.
I did not realise what a bargin I have picked up (it cost £0.00). But with 4MB and Blitter, this is quite a machine.
Also, I tried yesterday to fill up all the Memory whist using Magic, and it would not fill up and overload! Perhaps this is why Microsoft are so rich, and Atari are so poor!! There is no need for me to upgrade the old Atari MegaST. 4MB is plently for pre-emptive multitasking OS.
But on a seperate note (and perhaps thread) I would be interested in knowing what GEM applications, or even parts of the Desktop used BLiTTER. Cos, as sure as hell, not many games did.
And I read some interviews, that many games programmers were pretty dissapointed with the ST's long awaited BLiTTER. That'll be the Tramiels money saving again! As for the other bits you're missing, I'm sure there are PD utilities out there that would fill in the gaps (including folder renaming I'm sure), it's just a case of tracking them down.
This is my aim now. I am loving the MEGA and MEGAFILE. With the keyboard and SM124 I am in retro heaven. This will go great with my MIDI, and it looks the bees-knees (to me anyway, as I put it under a sheet when my girlfriend is around). I want to use it, but there are some things to get to grips with till I am truly happy.
I was thinking that perhaps I cant live with TOS 1.02, although now you have made me much more comfortable and happy about it (with Pinhead et al). But your explanation of how to rename folders was unsatisfactory and I am very very pedantic. 1.02 would need some serious modding! I have been toying with the idea of KAOSTOS for this MegaST, as I want a good single tasking OS that runs everything, including MIDI well. Apparently screen redraw with KAOSTOS and NVDI is 450% improvement, and it seems to me somehow 'wrong' to put TOS2.0 onto a MegaST machine. That would be like slicing out the center of a Rembrant, and putting some of Tracey Emmins dirty clothes on there.
The discussion is here. Pinhead speeds up loading on disks and hard disks, it seems (don't ask me to get technical), when it's installed my Megafile chugs along a lot faster (as fast as a megafile can chug). The combination of that and HD Driver makes my TOS 1.02 as fast with a hard disk as TOS 1.04 with HD Driver. Before I forget TOS 1.02 doesn't like big hard disks, make sure your boot partition is about 32mb max.
If you stick Bigdos or something like it in the auto folder though as long as the boot disk is small TOS can see much larger second, third etc partitions. I'm sure if you ran Papyrus with a lot of images or used Imagecopy to load up a largish jpg you'd soon find that memory a little constrictive! The blitter isn't that bad, just not used much as the basic ST doesn't have it in as standard. TOS 1.0 doesn't even have the code for it.
TOS 1.02 is otherwise known as blitter TOS, because it was the first one to have the code for it, it also, believe it or not, has better hard disk routines than TOS 1.0. Which I really wouldn't trust with a hard disk.
The blitter is, I think, used to speed up screen redraws in TOS/GEM, which will be that snappy sensation you're getting. It would have the same effect in apps that use GEM. A boot manager can help cus you don't have to keep different folders for things like auto folders or in some cases accs if you have different setups. So it saves a lot of renaming.
AFAIK there isn't any problem with X-Boot and TOS 1.02, there are other boot programs if it doesn't work however. And yes my folder renaming explanation is terrible! If I get chance over the next few days I'll go on the hunt for a patch/ utility. There's bound to be one on one of my floppyshop CDs somewhere. BTW NVDI would be perfectly fine with any TOS, I use it 1.02 all the time, that and Turbo ST (when I want something more lightweight). Rather than loading in other TOS's in memory you'd be better off using Teradesk, or if you only want to single task any of a plethora of other older desktops (Gemini, Neodesk, Kaosdesk (I think that was one?!?) etc etc) as they would probably use less memory. Surprisingly perhaps Geneva/Neodesk doesn't!
I can say that for sure, because both my TOS 1.02 setups have got it one. As Geneva only replaces the AES and a few other bits and doesn't really touch a lot of the low level stuff the folder renaming is still impossible under it and TOS 1.02.
TOS 1.02 was the TOS I got with my first ST back in 1988, and although I now have god knows how many other Ataris, it is still sitting on my desk as my main ST. And for sentimental reasons mainly it still has 1.02 in it. As I grew up with it, I've got used to 1.02's issues.
Zogging Hell wrote:Surprisingly perhaps Geneva/Neodesk doesn't! I can say that for sure, because both my TOS 1.02 setups have got it one. As Geneva only replaces the AES and a few other bits and doesn't really touch a lot of the low level stuff the folder renaming is still impossible under it and TOS 1.02.
One of the combinations did work for me using Geneva/Neodesk, may be I was already on tos 2.06 by then. I got my 1st STFM also in 1988 and that was tos 1.02, then I found a loadable 1.04 which promptly replaced tos 1.02, as I was using a HDD. Before that I was using fatspeed, folderxxx, pinhead to quicken things up.
I am now more comfortable with TOS1.02, and I know how to keep it in check (and chug along at a decent pace, without destroying my hard drive). I dont know, and I can't promise yet if I can live with it. But for now I will try. It least I now know how to cater for its needs, and this should help it (with a few Auto programs) and it should have at least a normal standard of life. Perhaps it has its own special way, and maybe I can learn to love it again.
Certainly without mods, its makes its little MegaFile grind and crunch with a sound like a cement mixer full of gravel. Instead of the smooth and high pitched electric whisk sound, with the occasional crunch as its oversized drive heads gingerly bounce from track to another in an marauding electric spasm.
I am deeply indebted to you Sir, and this was a most interesting conversation. And I think that this will help a lot! But, if I get frustrated in the future, or have a mad fit of rage, I cannot promise not to 'rip its brains out', and implant a new brain.
But, if I do, it will simply be for the best of reasons. But, I will however, try to be patient. Can someone tell me where to get Xboot or Superboot (or whatever is best), I dont want the demo version off the 'ST Essentials Page'?! Wongck wrote:Mmm. One of the combinations did work for me using Geneva/Neodesk, may be I was already on tos 2.06 by then. I got my 1st STFM also in 1988 and that was tos 1.02, then I found a loadable 1.04 which promptly replaced tos 1.02, as I was using a HDD. Before that I was using fatspeed, folderxxx, pinhead to quicken things up.
Maybe it was Geneva 6, I'm using 5 with Neodesk 4. Or maybe you were running Mint as well? Geneva is nice, co-operative multitasking is so much more compatible for some reason.
1988 was a good year for ST purchasing Mind you, it was Christmas 1988, so I'm almost a 1989er. Bid wrote: Perhaps it has its own special way, and maybe I can learn to love it again. Certainly without mods, its makes its little MegaFile grind and crunch with a sound like a cement mixer full of gravel. Instead of the smooth and high pitched electric whisk sound, with the occasional crunch as its oversized drive heads gingerly bounce from track to another in an marauding electric spasm. Megafiles always sound like that.
I have two in my room attached to a Mega ST and my trusty first STFM and when they are both on it sounds like an airplane is landing. Slight bump on this one.
Bid (and others with TOS 1.02) after scouring the archives of Floppyshop and ending up with a few programs that can do it, I finally realised the easiest solution to the folder renaming problem in TOS 1.02 was staring me in the face. If you install Universal Item Selector III (which I've had all the time) you can rename a folder by opening the file selector and dragging the folder to the rename button. It then looks like it's doing something quite scary, but it isn't (lots of files in the folder flash up as if its renaming them all, but don't worry). Disk opus also allegedly works as a folder 'renamer', but it only works in medium res, and doesn't seem to work on Folders on a hard disk (so pretty useless).
I've got about three other progs to try for a simple solution. Will let you know I get on.
Zogging Hell wrote:Megafiles always sound like that. I have two in my room attached to a Mega ST and my trusty first STFM and when they are both on it sounds like an airplane is landing. I had to put my Atari's away for a bit, as I was getting behind with so called 'real work'. Lol I have now relocated them, out of temptations way (a bit more anyway) in a spare room, but not in my main office!! Yeah, you warm to that sound.
At least you know that your computer is doing something! And adds excitement to startup. Plus, if its broke, you can hear it rattle.
These great features, are not in so called 'modern computers'. Also, makes you feel like you have twice the computer!! As its twice as big. Mind you the drive inside is as big as a housebrick!! Zogging Hell wrote:Slight bump on this one.
I finally realised the easiest solution to the folder renaming problem in TOS 1.02 was staring me in the face. If you install Universal Item Selector III (which I've had all the time) you can rename a folder by opening the file selector and dragging the folder to the rename button. I used to use UIS as my main file selector. Its small, neat and useful.
Obviously I now realise that its even more useful on the TOS's below 1.62, as I was lucky to have, and still own an STe. On the STe there are some great improvements to TOS, and probably in line mainly with the TOS1.04 (plus STe specific hardware enhancements).
The file selector on the STe has a nice set of drive icons, and useful wildcard features, and I really like it. In fact, its this simplicity that I miss in Windows, and I am happy with the file selector on my STe. UIS and other are really not needed at all. But, in TOS1.02 I think UIS or I think there is one called 'Little Green Selector' is best.
Also worth a look is 'Selextric'. I used this one also, but I think fell back myself onto UIS, back in the day'! Essential for your Autofolder mix!! Dammit, and that old 'Autofolder' idea is so much simpler and easier than editing the registry, or the 3.2 GB of uneditable crap that comes with Windows.
But thats another story!!
Emulators Online - Atari ST Emulation -Gemulator 9 Updated November 30 2008 by Darek Mihocka Run classic Apple Macintosh, Atari ST, and Atari 8-bit software! When released in September 1992 at the Glendale Atari Fair in California, ' Gemulator' was the world's first Atari ST emulator for the PC. Written in almost nothing but 486 machine code, Gemulator 1.0 was capable of running Atari ST software at full 68000 speeds on Intel 486 based MS-DOS computers. Gemulator was upgraded in 1993 to add emulation of Apple Macintosh Plus computers running Mac System 6. This was followed in 1995 with releases to run on Microsoft Windows 3.1 and Windows 95. In 1998 we added support for Windows 98 and NT 4.0, and spun off a sister product called 'Gemulator SoftMac' (or simply as ' SoftMac') which added the ability to emulate 32-bit color Mac models such as the Macintosh II and Macintosh Quadra.
On November 30 2008, Gemulator 9.0 was officially released, supporting a built-in 0 debugger, improved compatibility with Windows Vista and recent multi-core 64-bit processors. All versions of Gemulator released since 1992 share a common set of features:. 520ST/1040ST hardware emulation. Motorola 680x0-series CPU emulation.
512K to 4M of emulated Atari ST memory. ST Low (320x200 16-color), ST Medium (640x200 4-color), ST High (640x400 monochrome) graphics support.
Modem, printer, and sound support. 720K and 1.44M floppy disk support, able to read Atari ST formatted floppies. Atari ST hard disk support (via VHD disk image files). Mouse and keyboard support.
Support for TOS 1.0, TOS 1.2, TOS 1.4, TOS 2.06, and MagiC With all versions of Gemulator, you can run most of the major desktop publishing, graphics, word processing, and finance software written for Atari ST computers. For example, you can edit and run your GFA Basic programs, run Pagestream and print your documents, run Calamus SL and print your documents, query your Data Manager ST databases, write documents with Word Writer ST, draw graphics with Degas Elite, run some old Macintosh software using Magic Sac, and most other things you do on an Atari ST computer. Model and TOS version ROM chips Pins Part number or label 520ST/1040ST TOS 1.00 6 28 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 C0 520ST/1040ST/Mega ST TOS 1.02 6 28 C101646 C101649 C101645 C101648 C101644 C101647 520ST/1040ST/Mega ST TOS 1.04 6 28 C300789 H0 C300792 L0 C300788 H1 C300791 L1 C300787 H2 C300790 L2 1040STE TOS 1.60 2 32 C301163-001 C301164-001 1040STE TOS 1.62 2 28 C301163-002 C301164-002 Mega STE TOS 2.05 2 32 TOS MEGA STE C3020108 C3020109 Mega STE TOS 2.06 2 32 USA TOS 2.06 EE USA TOS 2.06 EO Atari TT TOS 3.06 4 32 C301925 C301926 C301927 C301928 Atari TT ROMs come as a 4-chip set of 32-pin ROMs. Those ROMs will be supported at some future time.
Some Atari ST ROMs come as a 2-chip set of 28-pin ROMs. Those ROMs are not supported at this time due to differences in pin layout of those particular ROM chips used. Macintosh 512 and Macintosh Plus ROMs come as a 2-chip 28-pin set and are supported.
4-chip sets of Macintosh ROMs (Macintosh II and higher) require using SoftMac 2000 or later. See the for a list of compatible Mac ROMs.
Software Requirements Gemulator 2000 runs on all DirectX compatible versions of Windows - Windows 95, Windows 95 OSR2, Windows 98, Windows NT 4, and Windows 2000. It runs on all Intel 486 compatible 32-bit processors (486, Pentium Classic, Pentium Pro, Pentium MMX, Pentium II, Pentium III, AMD K6, AMD K7 Athlon).
Gemulator is Pentium optimized and mostly written in Intel assembly language to provide up to 5 times the speed of other Atari ST and Macintosh Plus emulators, and runs up to 50 times faster than real Atari ST and Macintosh Plus computers. Gemulator 2000 supports disk images, both for floppy disks and hard disks. Use.ATR,.XFD,.ST,.MSA,.DSK,.IMG,.VHD and other disk image formats directly with Gemulator! Gemulator 2000 also supports direct connection of Macintosh and Atari SCSI devices such as ZIP disks, Jaz disks, and CD-ROMs via the PC's SCSI bus.
DirectX DirectX is a set of 32-bit graphics extensions for Windows that allows for on-the-fly graphics mode switching and allows Gemulator to run in full screen mode. If you are using Windows 98, Windows NT, and Windows 2000, you already have DirectX installed. Only if you are still using Windows 95, do you need to install DirectX. To do that, download it directly from Microsoft’s ftp and web site:. To figure out exactly what version of Windows you are running, select the Help menu in Gemulator and click on About. While using Gemulator you switch to full screen DirectX mode by pressing Alt+Enter or selecting the Full Screen option.
Virtual Memory Gemulator 2000 requires about 2 megabytes of Windows memory to run in, plus any memory allocated for emulation. Make sure that you have enough swap file space on the hard disk to allow Windows to create as much virtual memory as necessary. For example, when emulating a 4 megabyte Macintosh Plus, you will need about 6 megabytes of swap file space. The faster your PC's processor, the faster Gemulator runs. Which processor you should use depends on how fast you need for your Atari software to run. For 1040ST and Mega ST speed of operation, we recommend using a 486/33 or 486/50 processor.
For Falcon or TT speed of operation, you will need to use a 75 Mhz or 90 Mhz Pentium as a minimum. Faster Pentiums scream. These recent screen shots taken with Gemulator 96 (ok, we haven't updated this for Gemulator 2000, just know that the numbers will be faster!) show Gemulator running at blistering fast speeds on a 200 MHz PC. The screen shot on the left is using regular TOS 2.06 ROMs. The screen on the right shows the same benchmarks when using the MagiC operating system. If you have a newer PC running at 500 MHz or 800 MHz, your speed will be proportionally faster! 15 times faster than an original Atari 1040ST!
Gemulator runs almost 100% of ST and STE software at full Atari ST speed or faster. Only copy-protected and timing dependent Atari programs are not supported - programs that typically also do not run on Mega STE, Falcon, or TT computers either, or programs that make use of MIDI or joystick ports. Most MIDI programs in particular are heavily copy protected, which has made it difficult to add this feature. Popular Atari programs that have been tested and run on Gemulator include: Calamus / Calamus SL Pagestream 2.1 GFA Basic Tempus / Tempus II Word Writer / First Word Plus Atari Works Multi Writer Flash!
/ Flash II Megamax C / Laser C Neodesk 4 Quick ST / Warp 9 / NVDI MagiC operating system Data Manager ST Phasar Speedo GDOS and many more. This is NOT a complete compatibility list by any means.
Nor do we even maintain such a list since we cannot possibly purchase and test each and every Atari ST program ever written. Our testing, and user feedback, of hundreds of different Atari ST and STE programs has confirmed that most compatibility problems are due to copy protected or timing dependent software.
Gemulator is ideal for running Calamus SL and Pagestream, because it offers the ability to load your existing desktop publishing documents on Windows 95, to use 1600x1200 graphics, and to use up to 14 megabytes of Atari ST memory doing it. Such a system using real Atari TT computers would cost about $3000. A Pentium based Windows 95 system capable of running Gemulator with these capabilities costs half as much.
The Gemulator 2000 can be downloaded from our download page and comes in two ZIP files called GEM2000.ZIP and GEM2000X.ZIP. All users need to download and install GEM2000.ZIP or run our new unified setup program. Existing Gemulator users need not download GEM2000X.ZIP, which contains support files which you already have with your older Gemulator releases.